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The free software movement (FSM) or free and open-source software movement (FOSSM) is a social movement〔(Richard Stallman on the nature of the Free software movement ) in 2008 on emacs-devel mailing list.〕 with the goal of obtaining and guaranteeing certain freedoms for software users, namely the freedom to run the software, to study and change the software, and to redistribute copies with or without changes. Although drawing on traditions and philosophies among members of the 1970s hacker culture and academia, Richard Stallman formally founded the movement in 1983 by launching the GNU Project. Stallman founded the Free Software Foundation in 1985 to support the movement. == Philosophy == The philosophy of the movement is that the use of computers should not lead to people being prevented from cooperating with each other. In practice, this means rejecting "proprietary software", which imposes such restrictions, and promoting free software,〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=gnu.org )〕 with the ultimate goal of liberating everyone in cyberspace〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.groklaw.net/article.php?story=20060625001523547 )〕 – that is, every computer user. Stallman notes that this action will promote rather than hinder the progression of technology, since "it means that much wasteful duplication of system programming effort will be avoided. This effort can go instead into advancing the state of the art".〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=gnu.org )〕 Members of the free-software movement believe that all users of software should have the freedoms listed in The Free Software Definition. Many of them hold that it is immoral to prohibit or prevent people from exercising these freedoms and that these freedoms are required to create a decent society where software users can help each other, and to have control over their computers.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-free.html )〕 Some free software users and programmers do not believe that proprietary software is strictly immoral, citing an increased profitability in the business models available for proprietary software or technical features and convenience as their reasons.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=gnu.org )〕 "While social change may occur as an unintended by-product of technological change, advocates of new technologies often have promoted them as instruments of positive social change." This quote by San Jose State professor Joel West explains much of the philosophy, or the reason that the free source movement is alive. If it is assumed that social change is not only affected, but in some points of view, directed by the advancement of technology, is it ethical to hold these technologies from certain people? If not to make a direct change, this movement is in place to raise awareness about the effects that take place because of the physical things around us. A computer, for instance, allows us so many more freedoms than we have without a computer, but should these technological mediums be implied freedoms, or selective privileges? The debate over the morality of both sides to the free software movement is a difficult topic to compromise respective opposition.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=San Jose State University )〕 The Free Software Foundation also believes all software needs free documentation, in particular because conscientious programmers should be able to update manuals to reflect modification that they made to the software, but deems the freedom to modify less important for other types of written works.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=https://www.gnu.org/philosophy/free-doc.html )〕 Within the free software movement, the FLOSS Manuals foundation specialises on the goal of providing such documentation. Members of the free software movement advocate that works which serve a practical purpose should also be free. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「free software movement」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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